Summary: Thermodynamics of the conformation and the deformation of the macromolecules are constructed on its basis and also their elastic properties are analyzed; the role of the macromolecules into equilibrium processes (osmosis, adsorption), the role of the macromolecules conformation into non-equilibrium processes (diffution, viacousity) of the polymeric chains into solution and melts; kinetics of the macromolecules adsorption with taken into account the different characteristic times of the flocculent and tidht layers; postpo­lyme­ization kinetics with mono molecular chain termination and bimolecular chain termination in different polymeric matrixes; practical accounting the conformational state of the macromole­cules under constructing the polymeric nano-layers at an interface,their role into the processes of germ-formation and nano-particles propagation, for example, the magnetic materials.